Researchers from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine conducted a study that found children with atopic dermatitis, also known as eczema, were more likely to experience learning and memory difficulties compared to those without the skin condition. The study, published in JAMA Dermatology, revealed that children with eczema had a two to three times greater risk of memory difficulties if they also had a neurodevelopmental disorder such as ADHD or learning disabilities. This research adds to the growing body of literature linking atopic dermatitis to cognitive impairment in children. The study analyzed data from over 69 million children in the U.S. National Health Interview Survey in 2021, with around 13% of participants having atopic dermatitis.
The study also found that children with eczema and any type of neurodevelopmental disorder had a higher chance of experiencing memory issues, suggesting that there may be additive effects on cognitive dysfunction. However, there was no significant association between atopic dermatitis and learning or memory difficulties among children without known neurodevelopmental conditions. This information can help clinicians better understand and identify at-risk children for cognitive concerns, especially among those with existing neurodevelopmental issues. Further research is needed to explore how cognitive impairment risk may vary based on factors such as atopic dermatitis severity or age of onset, as well as other potential risk factors like sleep or comorbid mood symptoms.
Dr. Peter Lio, a clinical assistant professor of dermatology and pediatrics at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, noted the importance of this study in confirming previous research on the connection between atopic dermatitis and developmental and cognitive issues in children. He emphasized the need to understand the underlying causes of this correlation and develop treatment plans to address cognitive impairment related to eczema. Dr. Daniel Ganjian, a pediatrician at Providence Saint John’s Health Center, highlighted the significance of the study in the field of psychodermatology, which explores the relationship between mental health and skin conditions. Understanding the causes of cognitive impairment can lead to improved interventions and support for affected children.
Overall, the study conducted by researchers from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine sheds light on the association between atopic dermatitis and cognitive impairment, particularly in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. The findings suggest that children with eczema may be at a higher risk of experiencing learning and memory difficulties, especially when they also have conditions like ADHD or learning disabilities. While further research is needed to delve deeper into the mechanisms behind this correlation, the study underscores the importance of addressing cognitive concerns in children with atopic dermatitis and existing neurodevelopmental issues. By understanding and identifying at-risk children early on, healthcare providers can better support their cognitive development and overall well-being.