Memory is a topic that remains an active area of scientific research and is often misunderstood. While memory loss can be a symptom of dementia, it is also something that everyone experiences at some level. A new book titled The Psychology of Memory written by psychologists Dr. Megan Sumeracki and Dr. Althea Need Kaminske sheds light on the insights, challenges, and mysteries surrounding this field of study. The book challenges the notion that memory works the way people think it does and explains that memory is a messy and imprecise function of the brain that holds many physiological and psychological mysteries yet to be solved by researchers.
Perfect memory is rare, as the brain is designed to run fast and smooth, sometimes leaving out certain details while focusing attention on others. The brain already consumes a significant amount of energy, and having a ‘perfect memory’ could lead to redundancy, inability to cope with adversities, and unnecessary increase in energy requirements. Memory occurs in the brain, and like the rest of the body, it changes over time. As people age, their ability to form new memories or recall previous memories may change. Around age 65, individuals may experience mild decline in their ability to learn and recall information, but this change occurs gradually over the lifespan and is often compensated by increased knowledge and experience.
Memory loss, while common in normal aging, becomes more pronounced in individuals developing dementia. Family members or friends may notice these changes before the individual does. If memory loss becomes more frequent or affects daily life significantly, it may be time to seek an evaluation from a healthcare provider. Routine blood panels and examinations can rule out other issues that may contribute to memory loss, ensuring appropriate treatment is provided. While age-related memory loss is not inevitable, engaging in an active lifestyle with a focus on mental health can benefit cognitive health in old age. Activities such as aerobic exercise, meditation, socializing, and mental stimulation through hobbies or games can have a positive effect on attention and working memory.
The experts agree that maintaining good mental health through engaging activities and connections with others is essential for cognitive health. Sleep, particularly deep or slow wave sleep, plays a crucial role in memory consolidation, emphasizing the importance of getting enough quality sleep. Aerobic exercise, cognitive activities, and hobbies that challenge the brain can also positively impact attention and working memory. Engaging in new experiences, socializing, reading, and playing games that stimulate various cognitive skills can help preserve memory function. While there is no one-size-fits-all approach to maintaining memory, finding activities that one enjoys, challenges the brain, and breaks routine can be beneficial in preserving and improving memory function.